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字符串方法

获取长度

javascript
const s = "hello world!";
console.log(s.length);  // 空格也算一个字符

大小写转换

javascript
console.log(s.toUpperCase());  // 转大写
console.log(s.toLowerCase());  // 转小写

截取

javascript
console.log(s.substring(0, 5));   // "hello"
console.log(s.slice(0, 5));       // "hello"(支持负数)
console.log(s.charAt(0));         // "h"

分割与合并

javascript
console.log(s.split(" "));             // ["hello", "world!"]
const arr = ["a", "b", "c"];
console.log(arr.join("-"));            // "a-b-c"

查找与替换

javascript
console.log(s.includes("hello"));      // true
console.log(s.indexOf("world"));       // 6
console.log(s.replace("world", "js")); // "hello js!"

去除空白

javascript
const raw = "  hello  ";
console.log(raw.trim());        // "hello"
console.log(raw.trimStart());   // "hello  "
console.log(raw.trimEnd());     // "  hello"

模板字符串

使用反引号(`)包裹字符串,用 ${} 来嵌入变量或表达式:

javascript
const name = "ty";
const age = 21;
console.log(`my name is ${name} and age is ${age}`);

相比传统的字符串拼接,模板字符串更简洁、可读性更强。